Gja1 tendon and enthesis deficiency impaired mouse tendon enthesis structure and strength and animal physical performance. (A, B) Impact of Gja1 tendon and enthesis deficiency on mouse supraspinatus (SS) tendon (A) and enthesis (B) structure. ^and *, p < 0.05 for age and strain, respectively, by 2-way ANOVA; —, p < 0.05 between indicated groups by Sidak’s multiple comparisons test. (C, D) Representative images of toluidine blue-stained sections of SS tendon and enthesis from 8-week-old WT (C) and cKO (D) mice. Scale bar = 50 μm (C, D). MF = mineralized fibrocartilage. Arrangement of entheseal cells indicated by yellow boxes and arrowheads. (E–H) Impact of Gja1 tendon and enthesis deficiency on the biomechanical properties of SS tendons from 8-week-old WT and cKO mice. —, p < 0.05 and -----, p < 0.1 between the indicated groups by Student’s t tests. The sample size (N) indicated in E applies to E–H. (I) Counts of falls of 10-week-old WT and cKO mice in a 30-minute session of modest treadmill running. —, p < 0.05 by Student’s t test.