Table 3.

Open surgical reconstruction of recurrent vesico-urethral anastomotic stenosis after radical prostatectomy.

First author	Year	Number of patients	Follow-up	Treatment success	Comment
Abdominal approach
Pfalzgraf et al. (41)	2011	20	median: 59 months	60%	95% treatment success after secondary endoscopy
Abdominoperineal approach
Theodoros et al. (38)	2000	6	mean: 24 months	83%	Simultaneous AUS implantation in all patients
					Simultaneous bladder augmentation in three patients
Elliott et al. (39)	2006	10	median: 24 months	70%	50% treatment success in irradiated patients
Perineal approach
Reiss et al. (42)	2014	15	mean: 21 months	93%	100% treatment success after secondary endoscopy
Schüttfort et al. (43)	2017	23	mean: 45 months	87%	100% treatment success after secondary endoscopy

AUS, artificial urinary sphincter.