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. 2020 Nov 26;7:572142. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.572142

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Taxonomic biomarkers highlighted by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSE) (P ≤ 0.05 and LDA cutoff > 2.0) in ileal mucosa microbiota of broiler chickens challenged with a subclinical naturally occurring necrotic enteritis (n = 8/treatment). (A,B) Taxonomic biomarkers in PC vs. PPEO group on d 8 and d 42, respectively. (C,D) Taxonomic biomarkers in PC vs. PROB group on d 8 and d 42, respectively. PC (positive control): basal diet (corn-soybean meal) + 20 g virginiamycin (453 g Stafac®20)/ton diet; PPEO (probiotic/prebiotic/essential oil supplement): basal diet + 453 g/ton of a supplement containing B. licheniformis spores, mannan-oligosaccharides, β-glucans (1,3 and 1,6), capsaicin, and curcuma. PROB (Probiotic): basal diet + 227 g B. licheniformis spores/ton diet.