Table 3.
Effect of dietary probiotic (PROB) or probiotic/prebiotic/essential oil (PPEO) supplementation on mortality (%) of broiler chickens under a naturally occurring subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge.
| Treatments1 | Time period (day) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–8 | 9–14 | 0–14 | 15–28 | 29–42 | 0–42 | |
| NC | 2.91 | 2.40a | 5.00a | 1.00 | 2.13 | 7.50 |
| PC | 1.66 | 0.00b | 1.66b | 1.44 | 2.08 | 4.58 |
| PROB | 0.83 | 0.92b | 1.66b | 3.88 | 4.40 | 7.14 |
| PPEO | 0.83 | 0.00b | 0.83b | 0.96 | 4.10 | 5.00 |
| SEM2 | 0.76 | 0.46 | 0.87 | 1.00 | 1.46 | 1.65 |
| P-value | 0.201 | 0.002 | 0.011 | 0.146 | 0.696 | 0.450 |
a,b
In each column, means with the same letter are not significantly different (P < 0.05).
1
Treatments include: NC (negative control): corn-soybean meal basal diet; PC (positive control): NC + 20 g virginiamycin (453 g Stafac®20)/ton diet; PROB: NC + B. licheniformis spores at the level of 227 g/ton diet; PPEO: NC + 453 g/ton of a supplement containing B. licheniformis spores, mannan-oligosaccharides, β-glucans (1,3 and 1,6), capsaicin, and curcuma.
2
SEM, Standard error of means.