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. 2020 Dec 9;10:21536. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78401-3

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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FLAT extraction workflow. A sample is applied to a stainless steel MALDI target plate, followed by FLAT extraction buffer (for Gram-negative species; 0.2 M anhydrous citric acid, 0.1 M trisodium citrate dihydrate) or no buffer (for Gram-positive and fungal species). The entire plate is incubated in a humidified chamber at 110 °C for 30 min and then rinsed thoroughly with water. MALDI matrix is applied to sample spots and lipid spectra are collected using MALDI-TOF MS.