Fig. 7. Spatial distribution of innate immune response linked with presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus.
a Differential expression of all genes between SARS-CoV-2 positive/negative regions within each tissue. Horizontal position shows genes’ log2 fold-change, with points farther right having higher expression in SARS-CoV-2 positive regions. Vertical position shows −log10(p-value), which increases with statistical significance. Red points show genes that were consistently up-regulated, blue points show genes that were consistently downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 positive regions across the 6 patient tissues. Each gene has the same point color in all 6 panels. b Genes with consistent differential expression between SARS-CoV-2 positive/negative regions across all tissues. Only consistently up/downregulated genes (red/blue in a) are shown. Grid color shows log2 fold-change, with red indicating higher expression in virus-positive regions. Results with p < 0.01 (heteroscedastic 2-sided t-test) are given color. Columns are ordered by hierarchical clustering. c Protein differential expression between SARS-CoV-2 positive/negative regions. Only proteins with FDR < 0.05 in at least one tissue are shown. Grid color shows log2 fold-change, with red indicating higher expression in virus-positive regions. Results with p < 0.01 (unpaired, heteroscedastic t-test) are given color. Columns are ordered by hierarchical clustering. d Spatially-resolved expression of viral and interferon signaling genes. Rows show distinct gene sets; columns show distinct tissues. Pie position shows the physical location of regions within each tissue. Wedge volume shows a gene’s background-subtracted expression; within each row, all genes are scaled to have the same maximum. Wedge color denotes whether a region was classified SARS-CoV-2 positive or negative by RNA-ISH. Source data are provided as a Source data file.