Table 1.

Descriptive characteristics of eligible participants and separated by cognitive pathology, Health & Retirement Study (N = 17,579)

	Whole Sample		Normal (n = 6,601; 37.55%)		Alzheimer’s Disease only (n=1,799; 10.23%)		Stroke only (n = 4,661; 26.51%)		Mixed or both (n = 4,518; 25.70%)
Characteristic	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Episodic Memory in words	9.99	3.57	10.41	3.34	10.55	3.22	9.95	3.58	9.21	3.88
Orientation	12.67	2.48	12.86	2.31	12.66†	2.46	12.91	2.21	12.39†	2.73
Age in years	60.27	9.51	57.67	8.34	60.18†	9.74	57.62	6.99	65.21†	9.78
Characteristic	%		%		%		%		%
Race/Ethnicity
White	75.84		75.03		73.51		75.46		79.09
Black	13.50		14.07		14.63		13.32		12.23
Other	2.11		2.06		2.44		2.13		1.88
Hispanic	8.56		8.84		9.43		9.10		6.80
Male sex	38.25		37.74		39.96		39.09		36.38

Note: SD: standard deviation; %: percentage. Diagnostic categories were determined using pattern recognition protocols. P-values were derived from trend tests showing whether there were any differences at baseline between the diagnostic types:

^†P<1E-06;