FIGURE 8.

Exosomal miR-374b-5p led to renal inflammation response and M1 macrophage activation. Exosomes were isolated from the TECs, which were exposed to hypoxic or normoxic conditions for 48 h and then were injected into the kidney of mice. One day after the RIR operation, the serum and kidneys were separated. (A) The PAS staining images of kidneys after PBS, exosomes-normoxia, or exosomes-hypoxia injection. Bar = 50 μm. (B) Representative IHC images of CD86 in the kidneys after exosomes injection. Bar = 50 μm. (C) Serum levels of SCr and BUN in RIR-injured mice with exosomes or PBS treatment were performed. (D,E) mRNA expression of MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, CD86, and iNOS in the exosomes-injected kidneys were determined by qRT-PCR. (F) The proportion of CD86-positive cells was analyzed by FACS. Data presented as means ± SD for groups of three mice. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the PBS group. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 vs. the Exo-normoxia group. Exo-normoxia, exosomes from TECs exposed to normoxic condition for 48 h. Exo-hypoxia, exosomes from TECs exposed to hypoxic conditions for 48 h.