Table 1.

Light-dark related phosphorylation of clock components.

Protein	a.a.	Function	Kinase	Validation method	References
CLOCK	Thr451 Thr461	Promoting nuclear localization	CDK5	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-directed mutagenesis	Kwak et al., 2013
	Ser440 Ser441 Ser446	Transactivation	Unknown	- Mass Spectrometry	Robles et al., 2017
	Ser38 Ser42	Inhibition of transactivation	Unknown	- In vivo proteomics analysis	Yoshitane et al., 2009
	Ser431	- Primes GSK3 β - Phosphorylation of CLOCK	Unknown	- Site-directed mutagenesis	Spengler et al., 2009
	Ser427	- Nucleus/cytosol shuttling - Degradation	GSK3 β	- Site-directed mutagenesis	Spengler et al., 2009
BMAL1	Ser90	- Heterodimerization with CLOCK - Transactivation	CK2	- In vitro kinase assay - In vivo phosphospecific antibody	Tamaru et al., 2009
	Ser17 Ser21	Protein degradation	GSK3 β	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis	Sahar et al., 2010
CRY1	Ser588	Protein stabilization	Unknown	- Site-direct mutagenesis	Gao et al., 2013
	Ser247	Inhibition of CLOCK: BMAL transcriptional activity	MAPK	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis	Sanada et al., 2004
CRY2	Ser265	Protein stabilization	MAPK	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis	Sanada et al., 2004
	Thr300	Protein degradation	Unknown	- Indirect	Fang et al., 2015
PER1	- Ser902 - Ser916	Protein degradation	CKI	- In vitro kinase assay - In vivo mobility shift	Vielhaber et al., 2000
PER2	Ser394	- Heterodimerization with CRY - Nuclear localization - Protein stabilization	CDK5	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis - Mass Spectrometry - In vivo phosphospecific antibody	Brenna et al., 2019
	Ser477	Protein degradation	CKI	- In vitro kinase assay	Eide et al., 2005
	Ser-53	Protein degradation	CK2	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis	Tsuchiya et al., 2009
	Ser659 Ser662 Ser665 Ser671	- Protein stabilization - Phosphoswitch - Temperature compensation	CKI	- In vitro kinase assay - Site-direct mutagenesis	Eng et al., 2017

The color refers to the protein for easier readability.