Table 2.

Comparisons of Peak Torques of Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Archer and Control Group

Variable	Right (Nm)			Left (Nm)
	Archer group	Control group	p-value	Archer group	Control group	p-value
Flexion
60°/sec	38.29 ± 19.02	37.59 ± 17.85	0.96	35.46 ± 16.36	35.48 ± 18.61	0.97
120°/sec	34.94 ± 15.55	35.86 ± 14.99	0.705	31.88 ± 15.59	35.02 ± 16.51	0.465
180°/sec	30.92 ± 12.40	40.31 ± 13.67	0.017*	31.14 ± 14.76	38.07 ± 12.56	0.096
Extension
60°/sec	71.46 ± 23.99	61.99 ± 24.00	0.182	69.11 ± 20.40	56.29 ± 20.58	0.074
120°/sec	67.04 ± 20.32	59.94 ± 19.49	0.296	67.14 ± 20.80	56.75 ± 18.11	0.057
180°/sec	62.21 ± 18.82	63.65 ± 14.68	0.571	62.49 ± 18.55	61.90 ± 13.47	0.512
Abduction
60°/sec	40.41 ± 20.57	32.93 ± 16.20	0.296	40.17 ± 17.63	32.44 ± 16.31	0.158
120°/sec	34.85 ± 18.01	31.74 ± 13.59	0.743	32.79 ± 16.34	30.91 ± 13.02	0.98
180°/sec	34.24 ± 16.18	36.65 ± 14.89	0.545	30.84 ± 16.48	35.05 ± 14.48	0.268
Adduction
60°/sec	64.29 ± 24.06	53.52 ± 18.57	0.118	66.69 ± 20.29	53.16 ± 19.65	0.038*
120°/sec	63.92 ± 20.47	53.63 ± 16.68	0.107	64.19 ± 19.72	51.58 ± 15.99	0.029*
180°/sec	59.97 ± 17.73	61.24 ± 14.82	0.406	61.81 ± 18.01	58.84 ± 12.76	0.801
External rotation
60°/sec	22.43 ± 10.27	20.63 ± 9.99	0.531	20.81 ± 8.73	17.77 ± 9.55	0.163
120°/sec	20.56 ± 9.26	19.26 ± 8.73	0.745	19.08 ± 7.40	16.75 ± 7.62	0.238
180°/sec	19.69 ± 9.01	20.45 ± 8.21	0.596	17.18 ± 6.60*	18.12 ± 7.69	0.763
Internal rotation
60°/sec	38.20 ± 13.20	32.25 ± 12.35	0.132	39.76 ± 9.89	29.89 ± 11.75	0.006*
120°/sec	35.98 ± 10.88	31.08 ± 11.18	0.135	37.99 ± 7.17	28.93 ± 9.75	0.003*
180°/sec	35.54 ± 11.48	31.81 ± 9.87	0.329	36.19 ± 7.67	30.23 ± 9.37	0.028*

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

Nm: Newton meter, Archer group: high level archery athletes, Control group: sex, age-matched healthy, non-athlete volunteers.

^*p-values were calculated with Mann-Whitney U-test.