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. 2020 Dec 9;11:6317. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19741-6

Fig. 4. Male sex is associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality within COVID-19 patients.

Fig. 4

The table summarises the number of deaths and total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases for each sex for n = 70 reports with complete data on infection and mortality in males and females. The forest plot illustrates the estimated odds ratio (OR) for the association of death with male sex for each report (grey boxes) with 95% confidence intervals (CI; horizontal black lines). The estimated pooled OR (dark grey diamond) was 1.39 (95% CI = 1.31, 1.47). A two-sided test confirmed the estimated pooled OR was significantly different from 1 (p = 5.00e-30). Meta-analysis used a random effects model with individual reports weighted using the indicated weights.