(A) Profiling of the predicted protein targets of carnosine via DS 2017. (B) Molecular docking of carnosine binding to GNMT crystal structure. (C) CETSA analysis in MTECs. (D) ELISA of GNMT in serum of healthy volunteers (n=6) and Type 1 DN patients (n=6). (E) Immunofluorescence of GNMT (red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (F) Immunofluorescence of SAM (red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (G) Activity of GNMT in MTECs. (H) Real-time PCR of GNMT in MTECs. Results represent means ± SEM for three independent experiments. *P<0.05, ***P<0.001 vs NC. #P<0.05, ###P<0.001 vs HG; scale bar = 100 μm. Abbreviations: CAR, carnosine;; HG, high glucose; NC, normal control.