Table 1. Characteristics of Survey Participants and Nonresponders.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Participants (n = 1354) | Nonresponders (n = 10 529)a | |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 579 (42.8) | 3678 (34.9) |
| Male | 762 (56.3) | 6833 (64.9) |
| Missing | 13 (1.0) | 18 (0.2) |
| Age, y | ||
| <35 | 439 (32.4) | 1854 (17.6) |
| 35-44 | 385 (28.4) | 2245 (21.3) |
| 45-54 | 243 (18.0) | 2444 (23.2) |
| 55-64 | 193 (14.3) | 2291 (21.8) |
| ≥65 | 94 (6.9) | 1688 (16.0) |
| Training status | ||
| Attending physician | 934 (69.0) | 9059 (86.0) |
| Trainee (resident or fellow) | 420 (31.0) | 1470 (14.0) |
| Practice type | ||
| Nongovernment hospital | 473 (34.9) | 1882 (17.9) |
| Group practice | 404 (29.8) | 4018 (38.2) |
| Government hospital (city, county, state, or federal) | 132 (9.8) | 1166 (11.1) |
| Small private practiceb | 114 (8.4) | 1777 (16.9) |
| Missing or other practice typec | 231 (17.1) | 1686 (16.0) |
| Specialty | ||
| Anesthesiology | 96 (7.1) | 550 (5.2) |
| Dermatology | 24 (1.8) | 209 (2.0) |
| Emergency medicine | 74 (5.5) | 525 (5.0) |
| Family medicine | 167 (12.3) | 1290 (12.3) |
| Internal medicine | 184 (13.6) | 1472 (14.0) |
| Internal medicine subspecialty | 127 (9.4) | 1468 (13.9) |
| Neurology | 28 (2.1) | 207 (2.0) |
| Obstetrics and gynecology | 96 (7.1) | 623 (5.9) |
| Ophthalmology | 30 (2.2) | 256 (2.4) |
| Pathology | 4 (0.3) | 43 (0.4) |
| Pediatrics | 91 (6.7) | 610 (5.8) |
| Pediatrics subspecialty | 63 (4.7) | 318 (3.0) |
| Physical medicine | 13 (1.0) | 108 (1.0) |
| Psychiatry | 90 (6.7) | 629 (6.0) |
| Radiology | 53 (3.9) | 491 (4.7) |
| Surgery | 62 (4.6) | 390 (3.7) |
| General surgery subspecialty | 71 (5.2) | 714 (6.8) |
| Other | 81 (6.0) | 626 (5.9) |
a
Nonresponder counts represent the population invited with elimination of the undeliverable and duplicate emails identified.
b
Small private practices include self-employed solo practices and full or part owners of a 2-physician practice.
c
Missing or other practice type includes no classification, medical school, other patient care, health maintenance organization, and locum tenens.