Table 1. Hospital-Level and Patient-Level Characteristics Among All Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Intervention | ||
| Total No. | 1183 | 1135 | NA |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 64.0 (55.0-73.0) | 66.0 (57.0-74.0) | .30 |
| Female | 364 (30.8) | 320 (28.2) | .36 |
| Final diagnosis | |||
| STEMI | 323 (27.3) | 373 (32.9) | .18 |
| NSTEMI | 649 (54.9) | 634 (55.9) | |
| UA | 211 (17.8) | 138 (11.3) | |
| GRACE score | |||
| Median (IQR) | 127.0 (105.0-153.0) | 132.5 (109.0-158.0) | .35 |
| >118b | 699 (60.7) | 734 (65.2) | .32 |
| >140b | 450 (38.0) | 472 (41.6) | .42 |
| CRUSADE score | |||
| Median (IQR) | 26.0 (14.0-41.0) | 36.0 (18.0-49.0) | .16 |
| >40 | 342 (28.9) | 487 (42.9) | .19 |
| Diabetes, median (IQR) | 0.0 (0.0-1.0) | 0.0 (0.0-1.0) | .30 |
| Hypertension | 750 (63.4) | 687 (60.5) | .42 |
| Dyslipidemia | 684 (57.8) | 596 (52.5) | .06 |
| Current smoker | 352 (29.8) | 304 (26.8) | .36 |
| Known CHD | 276 (23.3) | 356 (31.4) | .16 |
| Height, median (IQR), cm | 170.0 (164.0-178.0) | 172.0 (165.0-178.0) | .33 |
| Weight, median (IQR), kg | 82.0 (71.5-95.0) | 84.0 (72.0-95.0) | .29 |
| SBP, median (IQR), mm Hg | 140.0 (123.0-158.0) | 140.0 (122.0-158.5) | .58 |
| DBP, median (IQR), mm Hg | 80.0 (70.0-90.0) | 80.0 (70.5-90.5) | .86 |
| HR, median (IQR), per min | 77.0 (66.0-90.0) | 78.0 (67.0-90.0) | .92 |
| Killip class | |||
| 1 | 1050 (88.8) | 989 (87.1) | .63 |
| 2 | 96 (8.1) | 116 (10.2) | |
| 3 | 29 (2.5) | 20 (1.8) | |
| 4 | 8 (0.7) | 10 (0.9) | |
| Cardiac arrest at admission | 27 (2.3) | 37 (3.3) | .31 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 352 (29.8) | 306 (27.0) | .46 |
| Chronic heart failure | 75 (6.3) | 78 (6.9) | .71 |
| Previous angiogram | 418 (35.3) | 352 (31.0) | .24 |
| Previous PCI | 259 (21.9) | 216 (19.0) | .29 |
| Previous CABG | 126 (10.7) | 118 (10.4) | .88 |
| Previous AF | 113 (9.6) | 101 (8.9) | .73 |
| Permanent pacemaker | 27 (2.3) | 33 (2.9) | .46 |
| Previous valve surgery | 8 (0.7) | 7 (0.6) | .83 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 68 (5.7) | 43 (3.8) | .12 |
| Chronic lung disease | 146 (12.3) | 133 (11.7) | .08 |
| Previous cancer | 7 (0.6) | 14 (1.2) | .29 |
| Dementia | 24 (2.0) | 28 (2.5) | .69 |
| LV function grade | |||
| Normal | 544 (62.6) | 550 (63.9) | .83 |
| Mild | 167 (19.2) | 172 (20.0) | |
| Moderate | 92 (10.6) | 87 (10.1) | |
| Severe | 66 (7.6) | 52 (6.0) | |
| Troponin peak value (within first 24 h), median (IQR), ng/L | 367.5 (47.0-3665.0) | 202.7 (35.0-2215.0) | .49 |
| Serum creatinine on admission, median (IQR), mg/dL | 84.0 (71.0-102.0) | 84.0 (71.0-101.0) | .10 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CHD, coronary heart disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; GRACE, Global Registries of Acute Coronary Events; HR, hazard ratio; IQR, interquartile range; LV, left ventricle; NA, not applicable; NSTEMI, non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; SBP, systolic blood pressure; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; UA, unstable angina.
SI conversion factor: To convert creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4; troponin to micrograms per liter, multiply by 1.
a
P values account for clustered design.
b
Includes 35 patients who died in hospital (control arm, 18; intervention arm, 17).