Figure 7. A model of two independent cycles generating rhythmic GE.

Inner ring (gray): Classical transcription–translation feedback loop or the central circadian clock, involving the transcription activator CLOCK and BMAL1 and the transcription targets/repressors Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry). Outer ring (green/yellow): Model of rhythmic GE driven via AS‐decay. AS regulates the formation of productive stable or unproductive instable isoforms, thereby regulating the abundance of SR protein mRNA and protein. An additional regulatory layer is achieved through temperature‐mediated control of SR protein activity (active SR proteins are indicated by an asterisks), resulting in rhythmic GE of SR proteins themselves and output target genes. GE in response to continuous (top) or single (bottom) input signal (indicated by arrows) is shown in the center.