Table 1.
Results of self and external perception of supervision levels
| Self perception | External perception | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre training | Post training | Pre training | Post training | |
| A - Chest tube insertion | ||||
| Lowest value SL | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Highest value SL | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Median SL | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| 95% CI for median SL | 3.0–4.0 | 4.0–4.23 | 2.0–3.0 | 3.0–4.0 |
| IQR | 2.0–4.0 | 3.0–5.0 | 2.0–3.25 | 3.0–4.0 |
| Positive difference | 21/29 (72%) | 24/29 (83%) | ||
| No difference | 8/29 (28%) | 5/29 (17%) | ||
| Negative difference | 0/29 (0%) | 1/29 (3)%) | ||
| P-value | 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | ||
| B - Pericardiocentesis | ||||
| Lowest value SL | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Highest value SL | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
| Median SL | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 95% CI for median SL | 1.0–1.0 | 2.0–2.23 | 1.0–1.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| IQR | 1.0–1.25 | 2.0–3.0 | 1.0–1.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| Positive difference | 26/29 (90%) | 29/29 (100%) | ||
| No difference | 3/29 (10%) | 0/29 (0%) | ||
| Negative difference | 0/29 (0%) | 0/29 (0%) | ||
| P-value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | ||
| C - Cricothyroidotomy | ||||
| Lowest value SL | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
| Highest value SL | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
| Median SL | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| 95% CI for median SL | 1.0–2.0 | 2.0–4.0 | 1.0–1.0 | 2.0–3.0 |
| IQR | 1.0–2.0 | 2.0–4.0 | 1.0–1.25 | 2.0–3.0 |
| Positive difference | 22/29 (76%) | 29/29 (100%) | ||
| No difference | 7/29 (24%) | 0/29 (0%) | ||
| Negative difference | 0/29 (0%) | 0/29 (0%) | ||
| P-value | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | ||
SL supervision level, CI confidence interval, IQR (25th–75th) Interquartile range; Range of supervision level 1–5: 1) Observation but not execution, even with direct supervision, 2) execution with direct, proactive supervision, 3) execution with reactive supervision, i.e., on request and quickly available, 4) supervision at a distance and/or post hoc and 5) supervision provided by the trainee to colleagues