Table 2.
A list of causes of hypochloremia
| Mechanism | Site of action | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Loss of chlorides | Gastrointestinal tract |
Vomiting Gastric drainage Ileostomy with high waste products elimination rates |
| Kidney |
Diuretics Bartter’s syndrome Gitelman’s syndrome |
|
| Excess intake of water (relative to chlorides) | Congestive heart failure | Hypotonic solution infusion |
| SIADH | ||
| Excess sodium intake (relative to chlorides) | NaHCO3 infusion |
SIADH the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate. Adapted from Bandak G, Kashani KB. Chloride in intensive care units: a key electrolyte. F1000Res. 2017; 6:1930