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. 2020 Oct 26;27(12):1834–1843. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa194

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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Figure 3. — Metric optimizer revealing how the performance characteristics vary with threshold adjustments over a constant area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each of the 3 models. This type of adjustment can be used in business decisions to find the right balance between false negative and false positive cases. (A) Retrospective of question 1: courtesy and respect; (B) retrospective of question 2: understanding; (C) retrospective of question 3: listen carefully; (D) prospective of question 1: courtesy and respect; (E) prospective of question 2: understanding; (F) prospective of question 3: listen carefully. NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value.