Table 5.
Segmental mean gluteus medius activity levels (% MVIC) for exercises.
| Exercise category | Exercise | Muscle segment (middle unless indicated) | Low (0‐20% MVIC) | Moderate (21‐10% MVIC) | High (41‐60% MVIC) | Very High (>60% MVIC) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Side‐lie | Hip abduction | 3971; 3475; 37511; 29‐3173; | 42R72; 4576; 4478 | 63“; 870; 79R®; 100R77 | ||
| 3879; 25‐4674; 2456 | ||||||
| Hip abduction + ER | 3575; 3758; 2366 | 53R69; 4179; 4976 | ||||
| Hip abduction + IR | 3679; 3366 | 4575 4958 | 6276 | |||
| Hip abduction + Ext | 3166 | |||||
| Clam hip flex 30 ° | 13‐1780; 1766 | 4070; 2758 | ||||
| Clam hip flex 30 ° | 13‐2130 | |||||
| Clam hip flex 45 ° | Anterior | 346 | ||||
| Middle | 1346; 16‐1873; 1766 | 3369;27R78;3658 | 4758; | |||
| Posterior | 2366 | |||||
| Clam hip flex 60 ° | 1981 | 3658; 3870; 18‐2358 | 90” | |||
| Squat | Single leg squat | Anterior | ||||
| Middle | 1881 | 3683; 3064; 30‐3165; 2384; | 59U67; 4867; 41‐7787 | 8268; 6470; 7741; 6657; 9252 | ||
| 2485; 20‐2788; 33‐3786 | ||||||
| Posterior | 8752 | |||||
| Single leg squat + Abd | Anterior | 1962 | 42‐46111 | |||
| Middle | 2762 | |||||
| Posterior | 3362 | |||||
| Single leg squat + Add | Anterior | 4262 | ||||
| Middle | 3162 | |||||
| Posterior | 2262 | |||||
| Single leg wall squat | Anterior | 1363 | ||||
| Middle | 2563; 2784; 22‐3288 | 5283 | ||||
| Posterior | 3563 | |||||
| Single leg wall squat + Abd | Anterior | 2962 | ||||
| Middle | 3362 | |||||
| Posterior | 4462 | |||||
| Single leg wall squat + Add | Anterior | 1662 | ||||
| Middle | 2162 | |||||
| Posterior | 2862 | |||||
| Single leg skater squat | 6068 | |||||
| Single leg squat + rotation | ||||||
| Squat | 1078; 9‐12R61 | 26‐3354; 2157; 22‐2889 | 6650 | |||
| Wall squat | 9‐10111 | |||||
| Squat + Abd | 24” | 47‐5254 | ||||
| Squat + Add | 5954 | |||||
| Step | Lateral step‐up | 3883; 3994 | 6058; | 6377 | ||
| Lateral step‐up + IR | 3094 | 4194 | ||||
| Lateral step‐up + ER | ||||||
| Lateral step‐down | 2184; 19‐2588 | 7448 | ||||
| Lateral step | Anterior | |||||
| Middle | 24‐35RS53; 30RS78; 33‐ | |||||
| 50RS93 | ||||||
| Posterior | 19‐23RU91; 23‐36RS91 | |||||
| Lateral step + IR | 44‐58RS91 | |||||
| Lateral step + ER | 27‐48RS93 | |||||
| Forward step‐up | 1785 | 2949; 3078 | 4483; 5568; 4857; 45MR57 | 6277 | ||
| Forward step‐down | 1492; 175 | 2384; 20‐2249; 2851;21‐ | ||||
| 2785; 19‐2788 | ||||||
| Forward step‐up and over | Anterior | 15‐1764; 15‐2165 | 8852 | |||
| Middle | 8552 | |||||
| Posterior | 8152 | |||||
| Retro step‐up | 3783 | 45RE46 | ||||
| Lunge | Forward lunge | Anterior | ||||
| Middle | 18-9164; 12-2565;1292 | 2971 | 4270 | 71RE46 | ||
| 1978; 1595; 881 | ||||||
| Posterior | 28RE46 | |||||
| Transverse lunge | 4870 | 6869 | ||||
| Sideways lunge | 1392 | 3970 | 6946; 8052 | |||
| Standing | Hip hitch/ pelvic drop | Anterior | 2163; 2555; 2560 | |||
| Middle | 2863; 2355; 3878 | 5772; 5868; 4296 | 6646; 8852 | |||
| Posterior | 3863; 2255 | 7446; 8852 | ||||
| Hip hitch/ pelvic drop + IR | ||||||
| 4296 | Hip hitch/ pelvic drop + ER | 3396 | 8246 | |||
| Hip hitch/ pelvic drop + leg | Anterior | |||||
| swing | Middle | 6646 | ||||
| Posterior | 7246 | |||||
| Hip hitch/ pelvic drop + toe tap | Anterior | 7646 | ||||
| Middle | 5846 | |||||
| Posterior | 4646 | |||||
| Hip abduction | Anterior | 5646 I | ||||
| Middle | 30I46 | 4246R72; 4459; 50R82 | ||||
| Posterior | 41146 | |||||
| Hip abduction (moving limp) | 28‐3372 | 53R82 | 6459 | |||
| Supine | Single leg bridge | 33‐3597; 3178; 3597 | 40-4299; 5568";47lU68;4771; | |||
| 42‐5898 | ||||||
| Double leg bridge | 1797; 1578; 1166 | 20‐2199; 2871; |
Key: Abd ‐ abduction; Add ‐ adduction; ER ‐ hip external rotation; Ext extension; Flex ‐ flexion; IR ‐ hip internal rotation; I ‐ isometric exercise; MR ‐ added medial resistance; R added externa] resistance; RE rear foot elevated; RS ‐ resisted squat posture; RU ‐ resisted upright posture; U ‐ unstable surface.