TABLE 2.
Age-standardized characteristics of the participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study included in this analysis, averaged throughout the study period between 1986 and 2012
| Frequency of Yogurt Consumption | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Never or <1 serving/ month | 1–3 servings/month | 1+ servings/week |
| Person-years | 441,948 | 253,817 | 271,717 |
| Age, not age-standardized | 62.8(11.2) | 63.3(11.1) | 64.3(11.0) |
| Height, inches | 70.1 (2.8) | 70.2 (2.8) | 70.2 (2.8) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.6 (3.5) | 25.7(3.5) | 25.5 (3.5) |
| Physical activity, METs hours/week | 27.2 (27.4) | 31.1(28.3) | 35.8 (30.8) |
| Pack-years of smoking before age 30 | 11.3 (6.5) | 10.9(6.7) | 10.4 (6.5) |
| Family history of colorectal cancer, % | 13.7 | 13.3 | 13.3 |
| History of sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy, % | 21.1 | 25.6 | 27.6 |
| Multivitamin use, % | 40.4 | 48.3 | 55.5 |
| Aspirin use, % | 45.0 | 48.8 | 50.3 |
| Total caloric intake | 1934 (560) | 1942(535) | 2056 (541) |
| Total dairy consumption, servings/day | 2.0 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.3) | 2.5 (1.4) |
| Total non-yogurt dairy consumption, servings/day | 2.0 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.3) | 2.2 (1.3) |
| Red meat consumption, servings/week | 4.3 (3.2) | 3.7 (2.9) | 3.4 (2.8) |
| Processed meat consumption, servings/week | 2.5 (3.0) | 2.0 (2.5) | 1.7 (2.3) |
| Alcohol use, g/d | 12.1 (15.4) | 10.4 (13.0) | 9.7 (11.6) |
| Folate intake, μg/d | 496 (247) | 554 (248) | 608 (254) |
| Calcium intake, mg/d | 861 (367) | 932 (359) | 1052 (364) |
| Vitamin D intake, IU/d | 398 (267) | 437 (260) | 479 (259) |
| Fiber intake, g/d | 20.6 (6.5) | 22.6 (6.3) | 23.9 (6.4) |
Values are means (SD) or percentages and are standardized to the age distribution of the study population. Abbreviation: METs, metabolic equivalents.