TABLE 2.

Associations of microbial taxon abundance with fecal secondary bile acids, fecal SCFAs, and serum inflammatory markers¹

Variables	Taxon	β coefficient2	SE of β	FDR P value3
Bile acids, μmol/g fecal weight
Lithocholic acid	Lentisphaerae	0.28	0.17	0.09
Deoxycholic acid	Verrucomicrobia	−0.09	0.19	0.03
SCFAs, µmol/g fecal weight
Propionate	Cyanobacteria	0.47	0.15	0.03
Isobutyrate	Cyanobacteria	0.29	0.17	0.03
	Lentisphaerae	0.56	0.15	<0.001
2-Methylbutyrate	Cyanobacteria	0.29	0.17	0.03
	Lentisphaerae	0.60	0.14	<0.001
Valerate	Cyanobacteria	0.41	0.16	0.03
	Lentisphaerae	0.31	0.17	0.03
Isovalerate	Cyanobacteria	0.25	0.18	0.08
	Lentisphaerae	0.63	0.14	<0.001
3-Methylvalerate	Cyanobacteria	0.28	0.10	<0.01
	Lentisphaerae	0.28	0.13	<0.001
Isocaproate	Cyanobacteria	0.58	0.13	<0.01
Inflammatory markers
hcCRP, mg/L	Acidaminococcus	0.21	0.15	0.03
IL-6, pg/mL	Actinobacteria	−0.20	0.14	0.10

¹Linear mixed effects models to examine the associations of taxon abundance with concentrations of serum cardiometabolic risk indicators, fecal secondary bile acids, and fecal SCFAs. All variables were assessed as standardized z scores. Taxon abundance was modeled as the fixed effect and participant as a random effect. An FDR P value ≤0.1 was considered statistically significant. FDR, false discovery rate, hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.

²β estimates represent the difference in the respective risk marker z score per SD unit increase in the abundance of the respective taxon.

³FDR P value for linear mixed effect model.