Table 1.
Biological properties of iPSCs.
| Biological Properties of iPSCs | References | |
|---|---|---|
| Self-renewal | Necessary for the maintenance of iPSCs | [28] |
| Differentiation potential | Differentiation of cells derived from three germ layers Formation of teratoma in vivo |
[29] |
| Genetic analysis | Diploid karyotype Transgene silencing after reprogramming |
[29] |
| Epigenetic analysis | DNA demethylation of key genes for pluripotency DNA methylation of genes determining cell type |
[29] |
| Markers of pluripotency | Alkaline phosphatase analysis Surface markers: stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4), Tumor-related antigen 1-81 (TRA 1-81), TRA-1-60, cluster of differentiation CD30 Intracellular markers: NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC |
[29,30,31] |
| Morphology | Flat-shaped cell colonies (2D condition) | [29] |
| Spheroids (in bioreactors) | [32] | |
| Embryoid bodies | [33] | |
| Monolayers | [34] | |