|
Pros
|
Ethical issues |
no |
Depends on the laws in each country |
| Differentiation of all cell types from three germ layers |
yes |
yes |
| Availability |
Easy |
Difficult, limited to blastocysts (four to five days post-fertilization) |
| Blood group compatibility in personalized therapy |
yes |
Depends on the hESC cell line |
| HLA histocompatibility in personalized therapy |
yes |
Depends on the hESC cell line |
| Disease modeling ability |
high |
possible |
| Drug development and testing |
yes |
yes |
|
Cons
|
Financially expensive |
Comparable |
Comparable |
| Reprogramming efficiency |
Depends on the reprogramming technique |
Not applicable |
| Immunosuppression in personalized therapy |
Depends on the reprogramming technique, viral induction of iPSCs would likely induce the rejection of grafted cells, whereas non-integrative does not |
yes |
| Risk of teratoma formation in personalized therapy |
yes |
yes |
| Risk of mutagenesis in personalized therapy |
yes |
yes |
