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. 2020 Nov 30;18(11):e3000973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000973

Fig 2. Two-sample MR estimates of the association between smoking initiation and the incidence of MS.

Fig 2

A two-sample MR analysis was undertaken to obtain causal estimates of genetically predicted smoking initiation on MS susceptibility. MR and sensitivity analyses were performed using the TwoSampleMR R package with a comparison across 5 different methods. ORs are expressed per unit increase in log odds of ever smoking regularly (smoking initiation), with a 1 SD increase in genetically predicted smoking initiation corresponding to a 10% increased risk of smoking. The genetic variants used to proxy smoking initiation are the conditionally independent genome-wide significant SNPs taken from the GSCAN consortium detailed in Table A in S1 Data. The estimates of their association with MS are taken from the 2019 MS Chip IMSGC meta-analysis. CI, confidence interval; GSCAN, GWAS & Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use; IMSGC, International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium; MR, Mendelian randomization; MS, multiple sclerosis; OR, odds ratio; p.val, p-value; RAPS, robust adjusted profile score; SD, standard deviation; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.