Table 3.

H₂S regulates glucose uptake, glycogen storage, gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial function in liver.

Action	Cells/Model	H2S gas/donor application (concentration)	Effects	Refs.
Glucose uptake
In vitro study	HepG2 cells/primary mouse hepatocytes	NaHS (10, 30 and 100 μM)/–	Inhibited	[32]
Glycogen storage
In vitro study	HepG2 cells	NaHS (10, 30 and 100 μM)	Inhibited	[32]
In vivo study	Liver from mice under nonfastingor 6-h fasting condition	–	Inhibited	[32]
Gluconeogenesis
In vitro study	HepG2 cells/primary mouse hepatocytes	NaHS (10, 30 and100 μM)/–	Promoted	[32]
	Primary mouse hepatocytes	NaHS (30 μM)	Promoted	[33]
	HepG2 cells/primary mouse hepatocytes	NaHS (50 μM)/–	Promoted	[34]
	HepG2 cells/primary mouse hepatocytes	NaHS (100 μM)/–	Inhibited	[35]
In vivo study	Pyruvate tolerance test on overnight-fasted mice	NaHS (39 and 63 μM/kg)	Promoted	[33]
	Pyruvate tolerance test on high fat diet-fed mice	NaHS (50 μM/kg/day)	Inhibited	[35]
Mitochondrial function
Biogenesis	Primary moue hepatocytes	NaHS (30 μM)	Promoted	[38]
Bioenergetics	HepG2 cells	NaHS (0.01 and 0.1 μM)	Promoted	[39]