Table 2.
Comparison of baseline characteristics of study participants who developed diabetes or not.
| Overall | Not developed DM | Developed DM | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 7,428 | 6,637 | 791 | |
| Age, years | 59.30 ± 9.36 | 59.14 ± 9.37 | 60.68 ± 9.20 | <0.001 |
| Gender | 0.210 | |||
| Male | 3,457 (46.5) | 3,106 (46.8) | 351 (44.4) | |
| Female | 3,971 (53.5) | 3,531 (53.2) | 440 (55.6) | |
| Education | 0.018 | |||
| Primary school or lower | 5,245 (70.6) | 4,656 (70.2) | 589 (74.6) | |
| Secondary school | 1,462 (19.7) | 1,319 (19.9) | 143 (18.1) | |
| Higher | 719 (9.7) | 661 (10.0) | 58 (7.3) | |
| Current married | 6,564 (88.4) | 5,888 (88.7) | 676 (85.5) | 0.008 |
| Current smoking | 2,905 (39.1) | 2,595 (39.1) | 310 (39.2) | 0.993 |
| Current drinking | 1,890 (25.4) | 1,709 (25.7) | 181 (22.9) | 0.088 |
| SBP, mmHg | 129.82 ± 21.51 | 129.29 ± 21.42 | 134.25 ± 21.78 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 75.58 ± 12.34 | 75.29 ± 12.24 | 77.98 ± 12.92 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.31 ± 3.71 | 23.16 ± 3.62 | 24.52 ± 4.23 | <0.001 |
| WC, cm | 83.72 ± 12.28 | 83.31 ± 12.13 | 87.18 ± 12.94 | <0.001 |
| TC, mg/dL | 192.36 ± 37.44 | 191.85 ± 37.38 | 196.62 ± 37.70 | 0.001 |
| TG, mg/dL | 121.39 ± 75.40 | 119.39 ± 73.93 | 138.21 ± 84.99 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 116.93 ± 34.00 | 116.63 ± 33.98 | 119.46 ± 34.07 | 0.027 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 52.17 ± 14.98 | 52.46 ± 14.87 | 49.74 ± 15.68 | <0.001 |
| FBG, mg/dL | 99.98 ± 11.98 | 99.54 ± 11.84 | 103.65 ± 12.47 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.10 ± 0.40 | 5.08 ± 0.39 | 5.25 ± 0.44 | <0.001 |
| TyG index | 8.56 ± 0.56 | 8.54 ± 0.55 | 8.72 ± 0.56 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 2,892 (39.3) | 2,483 (37.7) | 409 (52.1) | <0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 944 (12.8) | 807 (12.2) | 137 (17.4) | <0.001 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 269 (3.6) | 222 (3.3) | 47 (5.9) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%).
Q, quartiles; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TyG, triglyceride glucose.