Table 3.
Pharmacy Medication Data According to Self-Reported Past Year Opioid Reduction Status (N = 290)
| Involuntary opioid reduction | Voluntary opioid reduction | No opioid reduction | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opioid dose in milligrams ME, mean (SD) | |||
| 0 months | 118.3 (101–136) | 108.9 (97–121) | 99.3 (85–114) |
| 6 months | 102.1 (86–118) | 95.1 (83–107) | 96.1 (82–110) |
| 12 months | 87.7 (73–103) | 82.0 (68–96) | 96.3 (81–111) |
| 18 months | 68.6 (55–82) | 67.5 (55–80) | 96.1 (80–112) |
| Past year change at 18 months | − 33.5 (− 43.1; − 23.8) | − 27.6 (− 36.4; − 18.8) | 0.06 (− 6.0; 6.18) |
| Past year dose change at 18 month follow-up, N (%) | |||
| Opioid dose increase* | 5 (6%) | 2 (2%) | 16 (15%) |
| Stable dose† | 32 (36%) | 36 (38%) | 74 (70%) |
| Opioid dose reduction‡ | 51 (58%) | 58 (60%) | 16 (15%) |
| Any past year opioid dose increase§ | 26 (30%) | 18 (19%) | 34 (32%) |
| Any past year opioid dose reduction║ | 57 (65%) | 67 (70%) | 32 (30%) |
ME, morphine equivalents; SD, standard deviation
*Overall past year opioid dose increase defined as > 10% dose increase from 6 months to 18 months
†Overall past year stable dose defined as dose change of ≤ 10% from 6 months to 18 months
‡Overall past year opioid dose reduction defined as > 10% dose decrease from 6 months to 18 months
§Any past year opioid dose increase defined as any month with dose with > 10% increase compared with dose at 6-month time point
║Any past year opioid dose reduction defined as any month with dose with > 10% decrease compared with dose at 6-month time point