Table 1.
Meta-analysis that detect the risk of gynecological cancer and PCOS.
| Cancer type | No. studies (methodology) | No. studies PCOS criteria | No. PCOS patients* (sample size) | Age range | Cohort origin or ethnicity | Individual study OR (95%CI) | Study reference | Meta-analysis, OR (95%CI) at age range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chittenden et al. (12) | ||||||||
| Endometrial cancer (EC) | 3 case- control 1 cross-sectional retrospective |
2 NS 1 Goldzieher 1 Particular traits |
56 (4,056) | <40–69 | USA | 5.4 (2.4–12.3) | (15) | 2.70 (1.00–7.29) |
| 100% Japanese | 8.9 (0.4–184.9)b | (16) | ||||||
| 66% Caucasian, 2% Asian-Indian, 1% Asian other, 2% African-Caribbean, 29% unreported | 1.0 (0.4–2.7)b | (17) | ||||||
| Greek | 9.0 (0.5–176.0)b | (18) | ||||||
| Ovarian Cancer (OC) | 1 case- control | NS | 31 (4,547) | 20–54 | USA | 2.5 (1.1–5.9)⊗ | (9) | 2.52 (1.08–5.89) |
| Breast Cancer (BC) | 3 case-control | 3 NS | 133 (23,842) | 20–75 | USA | 0.5 (0.3–0.9)⊗ | (8) | 0.89 (0.44–1.77) |
| Italy | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) ⊘ | (19) | ||||||
| USA | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) ⊘ | (20) | ||||||
| Haoula et al. (13) | ||||||||
| EC | 4 case- control 1 cross-sectional retrospective |
3 NS 1 Goldzieher 1 Particular traits |
88 (4,605) | <40–69 | Australia plus EC studies in Chittenden et al. (12) |
2.2 (0.9–5.7) ϕ | (21) | 2.89 (1.52–5.48) |
| Barry et al. (14) | ||||||||
| EC | 5 case-control | 4 NS 1 Goldzieher |
138(5731) 70 (4376)a |
18–79 20–54a |
USA | 5.4 (2.4–12.3) | (15)a | 2.79 (1.31–5.95) 4.05 (2.42–6.76)a |
| 100% Japanese | 8.9 (0.4–184.9)b | (16)a | ||||||
| Greek | 9.0 (0.5–176.0)b | (18)a | ||||||
| Italy | 1.25 (0.72–2.16) ϕ | (22) | ||||||
| Australia | 2.2 (0.9–5.7) ϕ | (21)a | ||||||
| OC | 3 case- control | 2 NS | 111 (18489) 31 (4557)a |
18–79 20–54a |
USA | 2.5 (1.1–5.9)⊗ | (9)a | 1.41 (0.93–2.15) 2.52 (1.08–5.89)a |
| Australia | 1.1 (0.6–2.0) ⊘ | (23) | ||||||
| United Kingdom | 1.63 (0.65–4.08) | (24) | ||||||
| BC | 2 case-control 1 cohort |
2 NS 1 Rotterdam |
529 (40324) 57 (5489)a |
20–74 20–54a |
Italy | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) ⊘ | (19)a | 0.95 (0.64–1.39) 0.78 (0.46–1.32)a |
| Iran | 0.66 (0.299–1.48) | (25)a | ||||||
| USA | 1 (0.6–1.9) ⊘ ∇ | (26) | ||||||
*Number of PCOS patient among cancer cases and controls, CI, confidence interval; NS, not stated, ⊗Age adjusted, ⊘Adjusted for multiple variables: age, education, parity, body mass index among others, ϕBody Mass Index adjusted, aEC in PCOS younger than 54 years, ∇Risk ratio, bOR calculated with data provided in the article.