Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants (n = 96, unless otherwise stated) and subgroup with additional data on activity monitor (n = 32, unless otherwise stated). p stands for the intervention vs. control group comparison.
| Study Participants | Subgroup of Participants with Activity Monitoring | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All, n = 96 | Intervention (n = 44) | Control (n = 52) | p | All, n = 32 | Intervention (n = 18) | Control (n = 14) | p | |
| Age, years | 29.0 ± 6.7 | 29.4 ± 6.4 | 28.7 ± 6.8 | 0.6 | 28.3 ± 6.1 | 28.8 ± 5.7 | 27.6 ± 6.9 | 0.2 |
| Height, m | 1.64 ± 0.06 | 1.63 ± 0.06 | 1.64 ± 0.06 | 0.4 | 1.64 ± 0.05 | 1.64 ± 0.05 | 1.63 ± 0.06 | 0.3 |
| Gestational age at entry, weeks | 11.9 ± 2.4 | 11.3 ± 2.4 | 12.4 ± 2.2 | 0.02 | 11.8 ± 2.1 | 11.2 ± 2.4 | 12.6 ± 1.5 | 0.06 |
| Pre-pregnancy weight, kg | 72.3 ± 17.4 | 71.7 ± 20.3 | 72.8 ± 14.6 | 0.7 | 71.8 ± 17.2 | 71.6 ± 18.0 | 72.1 ± 16.9 | 0.4 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | 26.7 ± 5.8 | (n = 41) 26.6 ± 6.2 |
(n = 45) 26.9 ± 5.5 |
0.4 | 25.9 ± 7.5 | (n = 17) 25.1 ± 8.6 |
26.9 ± 6.0 | 0.4 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI category, n (%) -BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 |
6/86 (7.0) [0.0–29.4] |
2/41 (4.9) [0.0–11.6] |
4/45 (8.9) [0.0–17.3] |
0.7 | 3/31 (9.7) [0.0–20.3] |
1/17 (5.9) [0.0–17.4] |
2/14 (14.3) [0.0–33.3] |
0.7 |
| -BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 31/86 (36.0) [18.8–53.2] |
17/41 (41.5) [26.2–56.8] |
14/45 (31.1) [17.4–44.8] |
9/31 (29.0) [12.8–45.2] |
6/17 (35.3) [11.9–58.7] |
3/14 (21.4) [0.0–43.7] |
||
| -BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 | 22/86 (25.6) [6.9–44.3] |
10/41 (24.4) [11.1–37.7] |
12/45 (26.7) [13.6–39.8] |
9/31 (29.0) [12.8–45.2] |
5/17 (29.4) [7.1–51.7] |
4/14 (28.6) [4.0–53.2] |
||
| -BMI 30.0–40.0 kg/m2 | 27/86 (31.4) (13.6–49.2) |
12/41 (29.3) (15.2–43.4) |
15/45 (33.3) [19.4–47.2] |
10/31 (32.3) [15.6–49.0] |
5/17 (29.4) [7.1–51.7] |
5/14 (35.7) [9.7–61.7] |
||
| Marital status, n (%) -Single |
29/79 (36.7) [26.0–47.4] |
9/39 (23.1) [9.7–36.5] |
20/40 (50.0) [34.3–65.7] |
0.01 | 9/29 (31.0) [13.9–48.1] |
2/17 (11.8) [0.0–27.6] |
7/12 (58.3) [29.2–87.4] |
0.01 |
| -Living with partner/married | 50/79 (63.3) [52.6–74.0] |
30/39 (76.9) [63.5–90.3] |
20/40 (50.0) [34.3–65.7] |
20/29 (69.0) [51.9–86.1] |
15/17 (88.2) [72.4–100.0] |
5/12 (41.7) [12.6–70.8] |
||
| Educational level, n (%) -Higher Education |
32/79 (40.5) [29.6–51.4] |
20/39 (51.3) [35.4–67.2] |
12/40 (30.0) [15.6–44.4] |
0.02 | 15/29 (51.7) [33.2–70.2] |
12/17 (70.6) [48.3–92.9] |
3/12 (25.0) [0.0–50.6] |
0.04 |
| -Secondary | 19/79 (24.1) [14.6–33.6] |
11/39 (28.2) [13.9–42.5] |
8/40 (20.0) [7.4–32.6] |
4/29 (13.8) [1.0–26.5] |
2/17 (11.8) [0.0–27.6] |
2/12 (16.7) [0.0–38.7] |
||
| -Before secondary | 28/79 (35.4) [24.8–46.0] |
8/39 (28.6) [14.2–43.0] |
20/40 (50.0) [34.3–65.7] |
10/29 (34.5) [17.6–53.1] |
3/17 (17.6) [0.0–36.3] |
7/12 (58.3) [29.2–87.4] |
||
Body mass index: BMI.