ACC	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
AMPK	5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
AS160 (or TBC1D4)	160 kDa substrate of the Akt Ser/Thr kinase
C/EBPα	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha is a transcription factor
CPT-1	Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1
DM	Diabetes mellitus
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2
FASN	Fatty acid synthase gene
GGT	Glucose tolerance test
GLUT1	Glucose transporter 1
GLUT4	Glucose transporter 4
GSV	Intracellular storage vesicles
GTPases	Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) ases
HbA1c	Glycated hemoglobin A 1c
HDL-C	High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
IL-10	Interleukin-10
IL-6	Interleukin-6
IR	Insulin receptor
iNOS	Nitric oxide synthase, inducible
IRS-1	Insulin receptor substrate 1
JAK/STAT	Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins
LDL-C	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
MAPK3/1	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 and 1
MCAD	Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase
MCP-1	Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
MyoVa	Myosin V heavy-chain gene (a class of actin-based motor proteins)
NEFA	Non-esterified fatty acids
NF-κB	Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B
OLE	Olive leaf extract
p-ACC	Phospho-Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
p-Akt	Phosphorylated version of AKT
p-AMPK	Phospho-AMPK
PARP	Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
PEPCK	Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
p-ERα	Phosphorylated estrogen receptor alpha
PGC-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha
p-GSK-3β	Phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta
p-IR	Phosphorylated insulin receptor
PI3K/AKT	Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway
p-JNK	Phospho-JNK
PKC λ/ξ	Protein kinase C λ/ξ
PLC-PKC	Phospholipase C-protein kinase C
PM	Plasma membrane
p-mTOR	Phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)
p-p38 MAPK	Phospho-p38 MAPK
PPARγ	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
PPARα	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
p-PKC	Phosphorylated protein kinase C
Rab13	Ras-related protein Rab-13
Rab14	Ras-related protein Rab-14
Rab8A	Ras-related protein Rab-8A
Rac 1	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1
SREBP-1c	Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c
SZT	Streptozotocin
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TOL1	Treatment with 512 mg/kg OLE
TOL2	Treatment with 768 mg/kg OLE
TOL3	Treatment with 1024 mg/kg OLE