Table 1.
Transmission Style | Hazard | Places | Data Published | Country | Finding | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment to human | High | Plastic, stainless steel, copper and cardboard | 17 March 2020 | USA | SARS-CoV-2 | [51,56] |
Environment to human | High | Hospital rooms | 29 May 2020 | Singapore | SARS-CoV-2 | [52,58] |
Environment to human | High | Air and surface | 26 June 2020 | Italy | SARS-CoV-2 | [53] |
Environment to human | High | Surface contamination | 2016 | London | SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV | [54] |
Environment to human | High | Air, surface | 7 May 2020 | China | COVID-19 | [55] |
Environment to human | High | Water | 28 April 2020 | Italy | SARS-CoV-2 | [57] |
Environment to human | High | Toilet | 13 August 2020 | China | SARS-CoV-2 | [59] |
Human exchange | High | Contacts | 24 January 2020 | China | SARS-CoV-2 | [61] |
Human exchange | High | Ocular surface | 22 April 2020 | Australia | SARS-CoV-2 | [63] |
Human exchange | High | Dental clinics | 19 February 2020 | China | SARS-CoV-2 | [66] |
Animal to human | Medium | Bats | 2020 | USA | SARS-CoV-2 | [73,74] |
Animal to human | Medium | Sold avian, swine, porcine, bovine, canine, seafood, frogs, camels | 2020 | China | SARS-CoV-2 | [71] |
Human to others | Low | Wastewater surveillance | 18 April 2020 | Australia | SARS-CoV-2 | [76,78] |