Table 1.
Demographics | Frequency (n) | Percent (%) | Mean (SD) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 159 | 57.4 | |
Female | 118 | 42.6 | ||
Age (Years) | <60 | 81 | 29.2 | 64.0 (9.7) |
≥60 | 196 | 70.8 | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | <25 | 167 | 60.3 | 24.60 (3.78) |
≥25 | 110 | 39.7 | ||
Education Level | Primary school or below | 104 | 37.5 | |
Secondary school | 95 | 34.3 | ||
High school | 54 | 19.5 | ||
Bachelor or above | 24 | 8.7 | ||
Occupation | Employed | 36 | 13 | |
Unemployed | 2 | 0.7 | ||
Self-employed | 5 | 1.8 | ||
Retired | 234 | 84.5 | ||
Duration of Disease (Years) | <10 | 101 | 36.5 | 12.3 (8.0) |
≥10 | 176 | 63.5 | ||
Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | <7 | 105 | 37.9 | 8.48 (6.37) |
≥7 | 172 | 62.1 | ||
Diabetes Complications | Diabetic retinopathy | 99 | 35.7 | |
Autonomic neuropathy | 86 | 31 | ||
Dermopathy | 68 | 24.5 | ||
Cardiovascular disease | 40 | 14.4 | ||
Cerebrovascular disease | 22 | 7.9 | ||
Peripheral neuropathy | 18 | 6.5 | ||
Diabetic foot | 1 | 0.4 | ||
No. of Diabetes Complications | 0 | 123 | 44.4 | 1.2 |
1 | 66 | 23.8 | (1.5) | |
≥2 | 88 | 31.8 | ||
Comorbidities | Pneumonia | 21 | 7.6 | |
Arthritis | 42 | 15.2 | ||
Anxiety/Depression | 3 | 1.1 | ||
Cancer | 1 | 0.4 | ||
Musculoskeletal disease | 3 | 1.1 | ||
No. of Comorbidities | 0 | 214 | 77.3 | 0.3 |
1 | 53 | 19.1 | (0.5) | |
≥2 | 10 | 3.6 |