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. 2020 Nov 26;17(23):8792. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238792

Table 1.

Demographic and clinical profiles of participants (n = 277).

Demographics Frequency (n) Percent (%) Mean (SD)
Gender Male 159 57.4
Female 118 42.6
Age (Years) <60 81 29.2 64.0 (9.7)
≥60 196 70.8
BMI (kg/m2) <25 167 60.3 24.60 (3.78)
≥25 110 39.7
Education Level Primary school or below 104 37.5
Secondary school 95 34.3
High school 54 19.5
Bachelor or above 24 8.7
Occupation Employed 36 13
Unemployed 2 0.7
Self-employed 5 1.8
Retired 234 84.5
Duration of Disease (Years) <10 101 36.5 12.3 (8.0)
≥10 176 63.5
Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) <7 105 37.9 8.48 (6.37)
≥7 172 62.1
Diabetes Complications Diabetic retinopathy 99 35.7
Autonomic neuropathy 86 31
Dermopathy 68 24.5
Cardiovascular disease 40 14.4
Cerebrovascular disease 22 7.9
Peripheral neuropathy 18 6.5
Diabetic foot 1 0.4
No. of Diabetes Complications 0 123 44.4 1.2
1 66 23.8 (1.5)
≥2 88 31.8
Comorbidities Pneumonia 21 7.6
Arthritis 42 15.2
Anxiety/Depression 3 1.1
Cancer 1 0.4
Musculoskeletal disease 3 1.1
No. of Comorbidities 0 214 77.3 0.3
1 53 19.1 (0.5)
≥2 10 3.6