Table 1.
Genes which were shown to be associated with frailty in Candidate gene association studies
| Gene/SNPs | Ancestry/cohort | Age | Participants Frailty model | Pathway | Study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNF rs1800629 | Caucasian (ELSA) | ≥50 years | n = 3160 | Syndromic frailty | Immune response | Mekli et al., 201675 |
| IL18 rs360722 | Caucasian (ELSA) | ≥50 years | n = 3160 | Cumulative frailty Index (30–60 Variables) | Immune response | Mekli et al., 201576 |
| IL12 rs4679868 rs9852519 | Caucasian (ELSA) | ≥50 years | n = 3160 | Cumulative frailty Index (30–60 Variables) | Immune response | Mekli et al., 201576 |
| LRP1 rs1799986 | Caucasian (ELSA) | ≥50 years | n = 3160 | cumulative frailty Index (30–60 Variables) | Cholesterol transport | Mekli et al., 201576 |
| SELP rs6131 | Caucasian (ELSA) | ≥50 years | n = 3160 | Cumulative frailty Index (30–60 Variables) | cell adhesion | Mekli et al., 201576 |
| CRP rs360722 | Caucasian (HIMS/ Men only) | ≥65 years | n = 3778 | Syndromic frailty | Immune response | Almeida et.al., 201278 |
| IL10 rs1800871 rs1800896 | Mexican (SADEM) | ≥60 years | n = 984 | Syndromic frailty | Immune response | Cedillo, T.et al., 201984 |
| KL rs1207568 | Chinese (PLAD) | ≥90 years | n = 632 | Syndromic frailty | FGF23-mediated signal transduction, phosphate and calcium homeostasis, Aging | Hao et al., 201887 |
| APOE rs429358 rs7412 | Caucasian (HELIAD) | ≥65 years | n = 1234 | Syndromic frailty | Vesicle-mediated transport and Statin Pathway, Aging | Mourtzi et al., 201992 |
| NFIB rs518054 | Azhkenazi Jewish (LonGenity) | ≥65 years | n = 637 | Syndromic frailty | Cell differentiation, stem cell maintenance | Sathyan et al., 2018101 |
| MTR rs10925235 rs4659725 | Caucasian (WHAS/women only) | ≥70 years | n = 349 | Syndromic frailty | homocysteine and folate metabolism | Ho et al., 201185 |
| CASP8 rs3769827 rs2037815 | Caucasian (WHAS/women only) | ≥70 years | n =349 | Syndromic frailty | Apoptotic signaling | Ho et al., 201185 |
| FN1 rs7567647 | Caucasian (WHAS/women only) | ≥70 years | n = 349 | Syndromic frailty | cell adhesion, growth, migration, and differentiation. | Ho et al., 201185 |
ELSA, English longitudinal study of ageing; HIMS, health in men study; SADEM, Study on Aging and Dementia in Mexico; PLAD, Project of Longevity and Aging in Dujiangyan; HELIAD, Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet; WHAS, Women’s Health and Aging Studies.