. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 11.

Published in final edited form as: Transl Res. 2020 Mar 19;221:83–96. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.03.005

Table 2.

Top genes and pathways associated in Genome wide association studies published in regard with frailty.

Genomewide association studies
Study	Ancestry/cohort	Age	Participants	Frailty model	Top genes	Highlighted pathway
Atkins et al., 2019⁹¹	European (UK biobank)	60–70 years	n = 164,610	Cumulative frailty Index (49 Variables)	SYT14, LRPPRC, MYOSLID-AS1, RBM6, STAG1 NLGN1, HTT, LOC105379109, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, PDE10A, FOXP2, HR CSMD3, EXD3, ANK3, NCAM1, LOC105369842, MVK, INO80, TMOD3, PAFAH1B1, KRT17P3, PHB, PIK3C3	Synapse maintenance pathways
Mekli et al„ 2018¹⁰²	European (Discovery: HRS/Replication ELSA)	≥65 years (Discovery)/≥50 years (Replication)	n = 13790	Cumulative frailty Index (45 Variables)	GRIN2B, KBTBD12	synaptic plasticity, Neuropathic pain signaling, GPCR-Mediated Nutrient Sensing
Livshits el al„ 2018¹¹⁰	Europeans (TwinsUK, female only)	17– 93 years	n = 3626	Cumulative frailty Index (33 Variables)	No significant association	–

HRS, Health and retirement study; ELSA, English longitudinal study of ageing.