Table 4.
Historical perspective of anticancer drugs: Part 3. 2015–2020.
| Year of Approval | Drug (Therapy) | Category | Mode of Action | Targeted Hallmark | First Indications (Current) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solid Tumors | Blood Borne | Institution or Country | |||||
| 2015 | Panabinostat (Farydak) | Chemotherapeutic | Histone deacetylase inhibitor, promoting cell death and cell cycle arrest | 2 | Multiple myeloma, relapsed or refractory, in those previously treated with bortezomib and lenalidomide or thalidomide | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Palbociclib (Ibrance) | Chemotherapeutic/small molecules inhibitor | Inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 | 1 | With an aromatase inhibitors as initial therapy of postmenopausal, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer | FDA | |
| 2017 | Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) | Immunotherapeutic/biologic | Anti-PD-L1 checkponit inhibitor | 10 | Metastatic, chemotherapy-resistant non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC] | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Olaratumab (Lartruvo) | Immunotherapeutic/biologic | Antibody against the PDGFRα | 1 | Soft tissue sarcoma [STS], provided ineffective surgery and radiation therapy (withdrawn in 2019, EMA and FDA) | EMA, FDA | |
| --′′-- | Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) | Drug-linked biologic | Anti-CD33 conjugated to toxin | 1,2 | CD33-positive acute myeloid leukermia [AML] | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Durvalumab (Imfinzi) and avelumab (Bavencio) | Immunotherapeutic/biologic | Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors | 10 | Advanced bladder cancer | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) | CAR T cell immunotherapy | Targeting the CD19 receptor on cancer cells | 1,2 | Several types non-Hodgkin large B cell lymphomas refractory or twice relapsed | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Ribociclib (Kisqali) | Chemotherapeutic/ small molecules inhibitor | Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKi) | 1 | With an aromatase inhibitors as initial therapy of postmenopausal, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Abemaciclib (Verzenio) | Chemotherapeutic/ small molecules inhibitor | Inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 | 1 | With an aromatase inhibitors as initial therapy of postmenopausal, HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer | FDA | |
| 2018 | Cemiplimab (Libtayo) | Immunotherapeutic/biologic | moAB, anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor | 10 | Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [CSCC] or lacally advanced CSCC who are not candidates for curative surgery or surative radiation | FDA (EMA in 2019, TGA in 2020) | |
| 2019 | Pexidartinib (Turalio) | Small molecule immunomodulator (chemotherapeutic) | Targeting the cytokine CSF-1 receptor pathway | 1 | Symptomatic tenosynovial giant cell tumor | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Venetoclax (Venclexta, Venclyto) | Chemotherapeutic/ small molecules inhibitor | Targeting Bcl-2 | 2 | CLL, small lymphocytic lymphoma [SLL], AML | FDA (EMA in 2020) | |
| 2020 | Brexucabtagene autoleucel (Tecartus) | CAR T cell immunotherapy | Targeting the CD19 receptor on cancer cells | 1,2 | Relapsed or refractory Mantle cell lymphoma | FDA | |
| --′′-- | Gardasil 9 | Prophylactic vaccine | Anti-HPV (type 6, 11, 16 and 18) | 10 | Head and neck HPV-related cancer prevention | EMA, FDA | |