Table 2.

T cell targeted therapies in pSS patients.

Drug	Target	Dose	No. of Pats	Phase of Study	Efficacy	Side Effects	Refs
Abatacept	Anti-CD80/86, targets activation of T cells	8 doses of 500/750 mg, 2 weeks apart	11	A pilot study	CTLA-4 Ig treatment significantly reduces salivary gland inflammation, increases saliva production	No serious adverse effects	[222]
		8 infusions, first 3 were 2 weeks apart, then 4 weeks apart	15	Open-label study	Improvement in disease symptoms and fatigue.	No serious side effects or infections were seen	[223]
		~10 mg/kg by i.v. infusion on days 1, 15, and 29 and every 4 weeks thereafter for 24 weeks	15	Open-label study	Reduction of circulating Tfh cells and ICOS expression on T cells was noticed	Not reported	[224]
		125 mg s.c. once a week for 24 weeks or placebo	80	Single center, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial	ESSDAI no significant difference	Few serious adverse events reported	[225]
Alefacept	Anti-CD2 dimeric fusion protein	Two 12-week courses of 15 mg i.m. per week with a two-week interval or a placebo	73	Phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled	Lowered insulin usage and reduced hypoglycemic events	A severe drop in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells pose a major concern	[226]

This table displays T cell targeted therapies for SS. The table displays drugs, targets, drug’s dose, number of patients, study phase, efficacy, side effects, and references. Abbreviations: CD80/86-cluster of differentiation 80/86, CTLA-4Ig—cytotoxic lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 Immunoglobulin, ICOS inducible costimulatory molecule, i.m. intramuscular, CD2—cluster of differentiation 2, CD4—cluster of differentiation 4, and CD8—cluster of differentiation 8.