Table 3.

HR changes at different stages of training.

Variables	Qualified (N = 428)	Disqualified (N = 102)	P value
HR at baseline (bpm)	109.32 ± 16.17	112.04 ± 15.45	0.125
HR before GOR test (bpm)	122.70 ± 16.92	125.58 ± 15.65	0.118
HR before the 9G profile (bpm)	140.48 ± 18.41	145.18 ± 16.89	0.019
Maximal HR during the 9G profile (bpm)
1–5 s	169.07 ± 22.56	167.06 ± 21.54	0.414
6–10 s	175.81 ± 18.59	179.45 ± 22.02	0.314
11–15 s	179.61 ± 18.57	189.50 ± 16.78	0.289
HR increase ratio*
1–5 s	1.22 ± 0.20	1.16 ± 0.15	< 0.001
6–10 s	1.27 ± 0.20	1.22 ± 0.16	0.193
11–15 s	1.30 ± 0.19	1.20 ± 0.09	0.212
HR increase; N (%)
≥ 20%	175 (40.89%)	28 (27.45%)	0.013
< 20%	253 (59.11%)	74 (72.55%)

N number, HR heart rate, GOR gradual onset rate.

*Maximal HR during the initial 1–5 s of the 9G profile divided by HR before the 9G profile.