Table 3.
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP)-1/2 inhibitors and other signal pathways inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.
| Approved Agents | Molecular Targets | Mechanism of Action | Ref. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inhibitors PARP-1/2 |
Iniparib (Sanofi® BSI 201) |
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs), especially PARP1, PARP2 selective inhibitor |
Not repair their DNA breaks sites |
[130,135,136] |
| Talazoparib (BMN-673) |
[131,137] | |||
| Niraparib (Tesaro®) |
[134,135] | |||
| Olaparib (Lynparza® AZD-2281 y TOPARP-A) |
[125,132,138,139] | |||
| Rucaparib (AG014699, PF-01367338) |
[140] | |||
| Veliparib (ABT-888) |
[131,133,139,141] | |||
| CEP-9722 | PARP-1/2 inhibitor | Not repair their DNA | [142] | |
| NMS-P118 | [143] | |||
| AG014699 | [144] | |||
| Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and other signal pathways |
MK-2206 | Serine/threonine kinase Akt | Allosteric Akt inhibitor (Cell cycle arrest) | [145] |
| Dasatinib (Sprycel®) |
Multiple tyrosine kinases (TK) | Bcr/Abl, Src, c-Kit and Eph receptor family | [61,62,63,64,65] | |
| Bosutinib | Src tyrosine kinase | ATP-competitive Bcr-Abl tyrosine-kinase inhibitor | [146] | |
| Saracatinib (AZD0530) | Src protein | Src inhibitor Bcr/Abl |
[67,68] | |
| Imatinib (Gleevec®) |
Geminina y c-Abl nuclear | Inhibitor Geminina y c-Abl nuclear | [128] | |
| Nilotinib (Tasigna®) |
Abl tyrosine kinases | Inhibitor Bcr/Abl | [147] | |
| Lapatinib (Tykerb®) |
TK receptor (HER-2) | Inhibits the tyrosine kinase activity | [22,27,28,33,57,69,79] | |
| Palbociclib (Ibrance®) |
Cell cycle (CDK) |
Inhibitor kinases (CDK4,6) | [11,40,41,148] | |
| Ribociclib (Kisqali®) |
[149] | |||
| Cobimetinib (Cotellic®) |
MEK1 protein kinase | Inhibits the activity of ERK2 transcriptional | [150] |