Table A3.
Baseline characteristics of male and female participants with family history of diabetes (FHD).
| Variable | Male (n = 2672) | Female (n = 4314) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 46.0 ± 12.9 | 46.9 ± 13.1 | 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 3.3 | 23.6 ± 3.4 | 0.01 |
| Weight (kg) | 72.7 ± 11.8 | 59.0 ± 9.4 | 0.01 |
| Height (m) | 1.71 ± 0.1 | 1.58 ± 0.1 | 0.01 |
| Waist circumference (m) | 0.86 ± 0.1 | 0.79 ± 0.1 | 0.01 |
| Social Factors | |||
| Hospital visit rate | 87.3 | 83.1 | 0.01 |
| Stress | 0.10 | ||
| High | 4.0 | 5.2 | |
| Mid-high | 24.4 | 23.4 | |
| Mid-low | 59.7 | 59.8 | |
| Low | 12.0 | 11.6 | |
| Depression | 5.0 | 10.3 | 0.01 |
| Lifestyle Factors | |||
| Drinking (%) | 9.3 | 1.1 | 0.01 |
| Current Smoking (%) | 43.3 | 5.7 | 0.01 |
| Previous Smoking (%) | 35.9 | 6.1 | 0.01 |
| Walking (%) | 34.5 | 30.3 | 0.01 |
| Weight training (%) | 35.1 | 19.1 | 0.01 |
| Clinical Factors | |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.8 ± 14.1 | 114.4 ± 16.3 | 0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.9 ± 10.0 | 73.8 ± 9.6 | 0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 195.4 ± 35.1 | 193.4 ± 36.0 | 0.03 |
| High density lipoprotein ST2 (mg/dL) | 46.6 ± 10.9 | 54.0 ± 12.2 | 0.01 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 170.5 ± 125.4 | 112.9 ± 73.4 | 0.01 |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | 114.7 ± 33.5 | 116.9 ± 31.5 | 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 15.4 ± 1.1 | 13.1 ± 1.2 | 0.01 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 45.9 ± 3.1 | 39.9 ± 3.1 | 0.01 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 14.7 ± 3.9 | 13.3 ± 4.0 | 0.01 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.01 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 101.0 ± 22.5 | 95.6 ± 16.8 | 0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 15.1 | 13.0 | 0.02 |
| Impaired fasting glucose (%) | 33.2 | 21.7 | 0.01 |
| Undiagnosed diabetes (%) | 6.4 | 3.4 | 0.01 |
Data are expressed as percentage or mean ± SD. FHD, family history of diabetes; Drinking was calculated based on the number of units consumed per week: more than 4 shots on 5 days per a week; Walking, walking workout more than 6 days per week; Weight training, participating in weight training more than a day per week; Stress, stress recognition by self; Depression, felt sad or desperate enough to interfere with your daily life for more than two weeks in a row, during the past year.