Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities and baseline characteristics of patients with HS and healthy controls.
| Baseline Characteristics | Men (n = 80) | Women (n = 306) | All (n = 386) | Controls (n = 157) | p Value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 39.21 (11.15) | 37.44 (8.69) | 37.81 (9.26) | 37.05 (12.03) | 0.74 |
| Residence country | 0.13 | ||||
| Spain | 90% (72) | 80.7% (247) | 82.6% (319) | 89.2% (140) | |
| Other ** | 8.7% (7) | 19.3% (50) | 14.8% (57) | 10.2% (16) | |
| Not answered | 1.3% (1) | 2.9% (9) | 2.6% (10) | 0.6% (1) | |
| Educational status | 0.14 | ||||
| Basic | 16.3% (13) | 11.8% (36) | 12.7% (49) | 8.3% (13) | |
| Medium | 32.5% (26) | 35.6% (109) | 35% (135) | 31.8% (50) | |
| Superior | 51.2% (41) | 52.6% (161) | 52.3% (202) | 59.9% (94) | |
| BMI (kg) | 28.12 (5.03) | 29.67 (7.05) | 29.35 (6.71) | 24.66 (4.47) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker | 0.15 | ||||
| No | 35% (28) | 44.1% (135) | 42.2% (163) | 47.1% (74) | |
| Yes | 65% (52) | 55.9% (171) | 57.8% (223) | 52.9% (83) | |
| Comorbidities | 0.11 | ||||
| HBP | 5% (4) | 6.9% (21) | 6.5% (25) | 4.5% (7) | |
| DM2 | 2.5% (2) | 6.5% (20) | 5.7% (22) | 3.1% (5) | |
| Dyslipidemia | 3.8% (3) | 2.9% (9) | 3.1% (12) | 1.3% (2) | |
| IBD | 1.3% (1) | 0.7% (2) | 0.8% (3) | 0% (0) | |
| Antidepressant use | 5% (4) | 10.1% (31) | 9.1% (35) | 5.7% (9) | |
| Benzodiazepine use | 5% (4) | 5.9% (18) | 5.7% (22) | 5.1% (8) | |
| Levothyroxine use | - | 7.8% (24) | 6.2% (24) | 4.5% (7) | |
| Hyperuricemia | 3.8% (3) | 0.7% (2) | 1.3% (5) | 0.5% (1) | |
| Asthma/Seasonal allergies | - | 1.6% (5) | 1.3% (5) | 2.6% (4) | |
| Stable relationship | 67.5% (54) | 77.1% (236) | 75.1% (290) | 74.5% (117) | 0.88 |
| Age of onset (years) | 23.57 (9.45) | 19.09 (7.1) | 20.02 (7.85) | ||
| Time of disease evolution (years) | 15.64 (10.53) | 18.33 (9.3) | 17.77 (9.62) | ||
| Time under medical attention (years) | 6.79 (7.21) | 7.1 (7.29) | 7.03 (7.27) | ||
| Diagnosis delay (years) | 8.86 (9.13) | 11.23 (9.55) | 10.74 (9.51) | ||
| Locations | |||||
| Axilla | |||||
| Active lesions | 50% (40) | 47.1% (144) | 47.7% (184) | ||
| Scars | 47.5% (38) | 43.8% (134) | 44.6% (172) | ||
| Groin | |||||
| Active lesions | 53.8% (43) | 65.7% (201) | 63.2% (244) | ||
| Scars | 42.5% (34) | 57.2% (175) | 54.1% (209) | ||
| Genitals | |||||
| Active lesions | 38.8% (31) | 36.3% (111) | 36.8% (142) | ||
| Scars | 35% (28) | 26.8% (82) | 28.5% (110) | ||
| Buttocks | |||||
| Active lesions | 43.8% (35) | 31% (95) | 33.7% (130) | ||
| Scars | 35% (28) | 32.4% (99) | 32.9% (127) | ||
| Breast | |||||
| Active lesions | 2.5% (2) | 29.4% (90) | 23.8% (92) | ||
| Scars | 6.3% (5) | 27.1% (83) | 22.8% (88) | ||
| Abdomen | |||||
| Active lesions | 11.3% (9) | 10.1% (31) | 10.4% (40) | ||
| Scars | 10% (8) | 11.8% (36) | 11.4% (44) | ||
| Perianal region | |||||
| Active lesions | 43.8% (35) | 16.3% (50) | 22% (85) | ||
| Scars | 31.3% (25) | 18% (55) | 20.7% (80) | ||
| Neck | |||||
| Active lesions | 13.8% (11) | 4.6% (14) | 6.5% (25) | ||
| Scars | 11.3% (9) | 4.6% (14) | 6% (23) | ||
| N° of active regions | 2.73 (1.79) | 2.5 (1.57) | 2.55 (1.62) | ||
| N° of regions with scars | 2.34 (2.29) | 2.31 (2.06) | 2.31 (2.1) | ||
| Hurley stage | |||||
| I | 16.3% (13) | 18% (55) | 17.6% (68) | ||
| II | 31.3% (25) | 48.7% (149) | 45.1% (174) | ||
| III | 52.5% (42) | 33.3% (102) | 37.3% (144) | ||
| PtGA | 3.73 (1.04) | 3.65 (1.11) | 3.66 (1.09) | ||
| NRS pain | 6.64 (2.81) | 6.52 (2.98) | 6.54 (2.95) | ||
| NRS pruritus | 6.24 (2.67) | 6.48 (3.03) | 6.43 (2.96) | ||
| NRS unpleasant odor | 6.11 (3.05) | 5.47 (3.45) | 5.6 (3.38) | ||
| NRS suppuration | 6.84 (3.04) | 6.39 (3.21) | 6.48 (3.18) |
Continuous variables are expressed as means (standard deviation) and qualitative variables as relative (absolute) frequencies. HS: hidradenitis suppurativa. BMI: body mass index. HBP: high blood pressure. DM2: diabetes mellitus type 2. IBD: inflammatory bowel disease. PtGA: Patient’s Global Assessment; values range from 1 (inactive disease) to 5 (severe disease). NRS: Numeric Rating Scale; values range from 0 (no symptoms) to 10 (maximum intensity of symptoms). * p value for the difference between HS patients and healthy controls. Significant values (p < 0.05) are in bold. ** Other includes Germany, Argentina, Australia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, USA, Italy, Mexico, Peru, Portugal, Switzerland, Uruguay and Venezuela.