| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| CVDs | Cardiovascular diseases |
| FPG | Fasting plasma glucose |
| GRADE | Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation |
| HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trials |
| SMD | Standardized mean difference |
| T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
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