Table 3.
Risk factors associated with dengue antibody seroconversion between May and November 2019 in Thailand and Laos (N = 1071).
| Variables | N (%) | No. of People Seroconversion (% of N) |
Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) |
p-Value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
p-Value | ||||
| Country | |||||||
| Thailand | 594 (55.5) | 7 (1.2) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Laos | 477 (44.5) | 26 (5.5) | 5.50 (2.19–13.78) | <0.001 | 2.15 (0.29–15.92) | 0.450 | |
| Province | |||||||
| Mukdahan | 304 (28.4) | 4 (1.3) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Ubon Ratchathani | 290 (27.1) | 3 (1.0) | 0.78 (0.17–3.70) | 0.760 | 0.45 (0.03–6.46) | 0.551 | |
| Savannakhet | 241 (22.5) | 10 (4.2) | 3.34 (0.91–12.24) | 0.069 | 4.99 (0.61–40.82) | 0.134 | |
| Champasak | 236 (22.0) | 16 (6.8) | 6.79 (1.98–23.35) | 0.002 | 39.89 (5.34–299.1) | <0.001 | |
| Setting | |||||||
| Rural | 562 (52.5) | 21 (3.7) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Urban | 509 (47.5) | 12 (2.4) | 0.55 (0.24–1.27) | 0.161 | 0.73 (0.18–3.02) | 0.668 | |
| Age group (year) | |||||||
| 5–9 | 68 (6.3) | 9 (13.2) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| 10–14 | 88 (8.2) | 13 (14.8) | 4.80 (2.37–9.70) | <0.001 | 5.27 (2.34–11.89) | <0.001 | |
| 15–19 | 52 (4.9) | 2 (3.9) | 0.25 (0.10–0.61) | <0.001 | 0.14 (0.05–0.37) | <0.001 | |
| ≥20 | 863 (80.6) | 9 (1.0) | 0.06 (0.04–0.10) | <0.001 | 0.03 (0.02–0.06) | <0.001 | |
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 361 (33.7) | 18 (5.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Female | 710 (66.3) | 15 (2.1) | 0.19 (0.13–0.26) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.14–3.11) | 0.013 | |
| Socioeconomic Status | |||||||
| High | 328 (30.6) | 11 (3.4) | Ref. | ||||
| Intermediate | 365 (34.1) | 13 (3.6) | 1.04 (0.39–2.74) | 0.939 | - | - | |
| Low | 378 (35.3) | 9 (2.4) | 0.69 (0.25–1.91) | 0.474 | - | - | |
| Yellow Fever immunization | |||||||
| Yes | 45 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | Ref. | ||||
| No | 975 (91.0) | 28 (3.0) | 149 (4.72–4.70) | 0.710 | - | - | |
| Don’t Know | 51 (4.8) | 5 (3.7) | 1 | - | - | - | |
| Duration of living in the residence (year) | |||||||
| ≤5 | 45 (4.2) | 2 (4.4) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| >5 | 1026 (95.8) | 31 (3.0) | 0.04 (0.02–0.10) | <0.001 | 0.005 (0.001–0.02) | <0.001 | |
| Sleeping under a bed net (daytime) | |||||||
| Yes | 64 (6.0) | 0 (0.0) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| No | 1007 (94.0) | 33 (3.3) | 20.74 (0.61–706.27) | 0.092 | 8.55 (0.44–166.57) | 0.158 | |
| Sleeping under a bed net (nighttime) | |||||||
| Yes | 725 (67.7) | 21 (2.9) | Ref. | ||||
| No | 346 (32.3) | 12 (3.5) | 1.25 (0.54–2.92) | 0.600 | - | - | |
| Any kind of larval mosquito control | |||||||
| Yes | 1002 (93.6) | 28 (2.8) | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| No | 69 (6.4) | 5 (7.3) | 3.91 (1.10–13.89) | 0.040 | 3.38 (0.52–22.12) | 0.210 | |
| Any kind of adult mosquito control | |||||||
| Yes | 858 (80.1) | 27 (3.2) | Ref. | ||||
| No | 213 (19.9) | 6 (2.8) | 0.99 (0.36–2.74) | 0.990 | - | - | |
| Window screen | |||||||
| Yes | 138 (12.9) | 3 (2.2) | Ref. | ||||
| No | 933 (87.1) | 30 (3.2) | 1.92 (0.46–8.02) | 0.370 | - | - | |
The bold numbers indicate that statistical significance was observed.