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. 2020 Nov 30;21(23):9095. doi: 10.3390/ijms21239095

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Conduction defects and atrial fibrillation (AF) detected in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. ECGs were recorded over 30 min in non-anesthetized mice after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks of JDP2 overexpression. (A) After 2 weeks the PQ-interval was prolonged and QRS-complexes broadened. (n = 6–11, * p < 0.05 vs. WT). (B) Paroxysmal AF in 5-week-old JDP2 mice. ECG segments with sinus rhythm are presented (left and right white panel), and P-waves are indicated by small arrows. By contrast, other episodes (middle yellow panel) represent AF. The loss of P-waves and the irregularity of RR-intervals define an episode of AF. In derivation L1, the section in the red rectangle was magnified in order to clearly show the presence of rapid electrical activity. (C) Detection of second-degree AV Block Mobitz type II episodes in different magnifications (indicated in the red circles) after 4 and 5 weeks of JDP2 overexpression. P-waves are indicated by small arrows. Lead 1 from Einthoven is presented.

Conduction defects and atrial fibrillation (AF) detected in electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. ECGs were recorded over 30 min in non-anesthetized mice after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks of JDP2 overexpression. (A) After 2 weeks the PQ-interval was prolonged and QRS-complexes broadened. (n = 6–11, * p < 0.05 vs. WT). (B) Paroxysmal AF in 5-week-old JDP2 mice. ECG segments with sinus rhythm are presented (left and right white panel), and P-waves are indicated by small arrows. By contrast, other episodes (middle yellow panel) represent AF. The loss of P-waves and the irregularity of RR-intervals define an episode of AF. In derivation L1, the section in the red rectangle was magnified in order to clearly show the presence of rapid electrical activity. (C) Detection of second-degree AV Block Mobitz type II episodes in different magnifications (indicated in the red circles) after 4 and 5 weeks of JDP2 overexpression. P-waves are indicated by small arrows. Lead 1 from Einthoven is presented.