| AMP | Antimicrobial peptide |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| ppGpp | Guanosine pentaphosphate/tetraphosphate |
| TA systems | Toxin-antitoxin system |
| RPDP | Ribosome dimerization persister |
| sRNA | Small RNA |
| SCVs | Small colony variants |
| LisCVs | Listeria-Containing Vacuoles |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharides |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| LOD | Limit of detection |