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. 2019 Dec 31;1(2):88–94. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2019.01021

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Mechanism for serum creatinine elevation by several antiretroviral drugs and pharmacoenhancers. Creatinine is transported through tubular cells on the basolateral side by organic anion transporters (OAT) 2 and 3, and organic cation transporters (OCT) 2 and 3. Creatinine is secreted via multidrug and toxin extrusion transporter 1 (MATE1) and MATE2-K on the apical side. Ritonavir and cobicistat inhibit MATE1 and inhibit creatinine efflux to urine. Dolutegravir and rilpivirine inhibit OCT2 and inhibit creatinine entry into the tubular cell (21,49,64,65).