Table 2.
Effects of artificial sweeteners aspartame and acesulfame K in within-group comparison.
| Variables | ASB | MW | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | After 2 Weeks | p Value | N | Baseline | After 2 Weeks | p Value | |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 4.91, 0.82 | 4.73, 0.72 | 0.65 *** | 35 | 4.98, 0.7 | 4.96, 0.7 | 0.79 *** |
| Fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 8.93, 10.1 | 9.49, 7.03 | 0.10 *** | 31 | 8.67, 9.27 | 8.95, 6.9 | 0.64 *** |
| HOMA-IR | 1.52, 2.22 | 1.86, 2.1 | 0.07 *** | 30 | 2.01, 1.94 | 1.90, 1.28 | 0.42 *** |
| Matsuda index | 5.71, 7.22 | 5.45, 4.97 | 0.32 ** | 30 | 4.67, 5.16 | 4.94, 4.19 | 0.47 ** |
| Glucose AUC | 13.54 ± 5.88 | 12.25 ± 2.99 | 0.14 * | 35 | 13.06, 3.73 | 12.84, 4.09 | 0.85 *** |
| Glucose iAUC | 2.27, 4.37 | 2.51, 3.67 | 0.09 *** | 35 | 3.21, 4.49 | 2.59, 3.84 | 0.45 *** |
| Insulin AUC | 91.9, 84.95 | 96.3, 84.3 | 0.35 ** | 30 | 105.1, 61.3 | 94.1, 98.6 | 0.62 *** |
| Insulin iAUC | 71.3, 52.2 | 76.7, 74.7 | 0.27 ** | 30 | 95.3, 45.2 | 78.7, 86.5 | 0.81 *** |
| Weight changes | 75.2, 34.2 | 75, 32.6 | 0.52 *** | 39 | 76.1, 34.2 | 76.1,33.4 | 0.69 *** |
| BMI changes | 26.2, 8.9 | 26.2, 9.4 | 0.65 ** | 39 | 25.9, 9.34 | 25.4, 9.06 | 0.47 ** |
ASB, artificially sweetened beverage; MW, mineral water; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; AUC, area under curve; iAUC, incremental area under curve. Normally distributed values are presented as mean ± SD, and p values were determined by paired t tests. Non-normally distributed variables (shown as medians and interquartile ranges) were log transformed; p values obtained by Wilcoxon signed-rank nonparametric tests, as variables were non-normally distributed after log transformation; * p values determined by paired t tests; ** p values determined by paired t tests after log transformation; *** p values obtained from Wilcoxon signed-rank nonparametric tests.