Table 2.
Comparison of BMI, age, IDO, and cytokine concentrations of PBMC culture supernatants from mean range-normoglycemic participants, T2DM patients with increased IDO production, and T2DM patients with reduced IDO production.
| Parameters | Normoglycemic participants | T2DM patients with higher IDO production | T2DM patients with reduced IDO production |
|---|---|---|---|
| No of persons (n) | 13 | 9 | 11 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.04 ± 2.98 | 27.4 ± 2.19** | 28.17 ± 5.02** |
| Age (years) | 41.38 ± 4.23 | 43.33 ± 5.85# | 48.27 ± 5.83*** |
| Baseline IDO (ng/mL) | 0.236 ± 0.06 | 0.295 ± 0.09### | 0.498 ± 0.14*** |
| PHA-stimulated IDO (ng/mL) | 0.270 ± 0.07 | 0.674 ± 0.09*** ### | 0.321 ± 0.13 |
| Alteration of IDO production (ng/mL) | 0.034 ± 0.02 | 0.378 ± 0.14*** ### | −0.176 ± 0.09*** |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 6,843.25 ± 3,531.24 | 7,555.72 ± 3,450.36 | 5,375.87 ± 3,344.72 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 368.40 [32.73-960.00] | 380.40 [179.27-1,321.50] | 339.32 [9.79-1,189.53] |
| Interferon-γ (pg/mL) | 10,710.83 ± 5,434.34 | 8,614.80 ± 3,039.96 | 5,820.79 ± 1,343.43** |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 111.52 [34.56-485.90] | 142 [54.70-982.87] | 89.18 [6.46-385.91] |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-10, interleukin 10; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BMI, age, baseline IDO concentration, PHA-stimulated IDO concentration, alteration of IDO production, TNF-α, and interferon-γ data are presented as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed using one-way ANOVAs with LSD for post-hoc analysis. IL-6 and IL-10 data are presented as median [min-max] and statistical significance was calculated using the Kruskal Wallis test.
P < .01 versus normoglycemic participants. ***P < .001 versus normoglycemic participants. #P < .05 versus T2DM with reduced IDO production. ###P<.001 versus T2DM with reduced IDO production.