Fig. 2.

Funnel plots for effect sizes in the meta-analyses. The vertical line indicates the weighted mean effect. Open circles indicate observed effects for actual studies, and closed circles indicate imputed effects for studies believed to be missing due to publication bias. The clear diamond reflects the unadjusted weighted mean effect size, whereas the black diamond reflects the weighted mean effect size after adjusting for publication bias.

2a. Overall sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation.

2b. Overall sleep disturbance and suicide attempts.

2c. Overall sleep disturbance and suicide deaths.

2d. General insomnia and suicidal ideation.

2e. General insomnia and suicide attempts.

2f. General insomnia and suicide deaths.