Table 3.
Clinical Characteristics of E-Cigarette or Vaping–Associated Lung Injury
| Characteristic | Data |
|---|---|
| Age (years), median (range) | 22 (13–71) |
| Behavioral | Recent use (within past 90 days) of e-cigarettes or vaping products |
| Substances used: Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis, nicotine | |
| Multiple psychosocial stressors | |
| Symptoms | Constitutional: fever, chills, malaise, weight loss |
| Respiratory: cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion | |
| Gastrointestinal: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea | |
| Vital signs | Oxygen saturation < 95% while breathing room air |
| Tachycardia (heart rate > 100 beats/min) | |
| Tachypnea (respiratory rate > 20 breaths/min) | |
| Diagnostic results | CXR or CT scans: bilateral diffuse ground-glass opacities |
| Elevated C-reactive protein | |
| Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate | |
| Positive urine drug screen for Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or its metabolites | |
| Exclusion of viral or bacterial etiology |
CT = computed tomography; CXR = chest x-ray.