Figure 2.
The marked produced FFA by the adipose tissue has an important contribution to the increased production of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNFα among others which results in increase insulin resistance. Cytokines may enhance hepatic glucose production, VLDL production by the liver, and insulin resistance in muscle. Based on the diagram from Cornier et al, 2008.5 CRP = C-reactive protein; FFA = free fatty acids; HDL = high-density lipoproteins; HT = hypertension; IL-6 = interleukin 6; LDL = low-density lipoproteins; PAI1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TG = triglycerides; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor α; VLDL = very low-density lipoproteins.